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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑lmalalam | om kə̑lmalal |
| 2SG: | kə̑lmalalat | ot kə̑lmalal |
| 3SG: | kə̑lmalaleš | ok/ogeš kə̑lmalal |
| 1PL: | kə̑lmalalə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kə̑lmalal |
| 2PL: | kə̑lmalalə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kə̑lmalal |
| 3PL: | kə̑lmalalə̑t | ogə̑t kə̑lmalal |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑lmalal'ə̑m | šə̑m kə̑lmalal |
| 2SG: | kə̑lmalal'ə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kə̑lmalal |
| 3SG: | kə̑lmalal'e | ə̑š kə̑lmalal |
| 1PL: | kə̑lmalalna | ə̑šna kə̑lmalal |
| 2PL: | kə̑lmalalda | ə̑šda kə̑lmalal |
| 3PL: | kə̑lmalal'ə̑č́ | ə̑št kə̑lmalal |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑lmalalə̑nam | kə̑lmalalə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kə̑lmalalə̑nat | kə̑lmalalə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kə̑lmalalə̑n | kə̑lmalalə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kə̑lmalalə̑nna | kə̑lmalalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kə̑lmalalə̑nda | kə̑lmalalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kə̑lmalalə̑nə̑t | kə̑lmalalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑lmalalam ə̑l'e | om kə̑lmalal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kə̑lmalalat ə̑l'e | ot kə̑lmalal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kə̑lmalaleš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kə̑lmalal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kə̑lmalalə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kə̑lmalal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kə̑lmalalə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kə̑lmalal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kə̑lmalalə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kə̑lmalal ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑lmalalam ulmaš | om kə̑lmalal ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kə̑lmalalat ulmaš | ot kə̑lmalal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kə̑lmalaleš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kə̑lmalal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kə̑lmalalə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kə̑lmalal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kə̑lmalalə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kə̑lmalal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kə̑lmalalə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kə̑lmalal ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑lmalalə̑nam ə̑l'e | kə̑lmalalə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kə̑lmalalə̑nat ə̑l'e | kə̑lmalalə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kə̑lmalalə̑n ə̑l'e | kə̑lmalalə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kə̑lmalalə̑nna ə̑l'e | kə̑lmalalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kə̑lmalalə̑nda ə̑l'e | kə̑lmalalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kə̑lmalalə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kə̑lmalalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑lmalalə̑nam ulmaš | kə̑lmalalə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kə̑lmalalə̑nat ulmaš | kə̑lmalalə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kə̑lmalalə̑n ulmaš | kə̑lmalalə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kə̑lmalalə̑nna ulmaš | kə̑lmalalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kə̑lmalalə̑nda ulmaš | kə̑lmalalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kə̑lmalalə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kə̑lmalalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kə̑lmalal | it kə̑lmalal |
| 3SG: | kə̑lmalalže | ə̑nže kə̑lmalal |
| 1PL: | (kə̑lmalalə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kə̑lmalal) |
| 2PL: | kə̑lmalalza | ida kə̑lmalal |
| 3PL: | kə̑lmalalə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kə̑lmalal |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑lmalalnem | ə̑nem kə̑lmalal |
| 2SG: | kə̑lmalalnet | ə̑net kə̑lmalal |
| 3SG: | kə̑lmalalneže | ə̑než kə̑lmalal |
| 1PL: | kə̑lmalalnena | ə̑nena kə̑lmalal |
| 2PL: | kə̑lmalalneda | ə̑neda kə̑lmalal |
| 3PL: | kə̑lmalalnešt | ə̑nešt kə̑lmalal |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kə̑lmalalnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kə̑lmalal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kə̑lmalalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kə̑lmalal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kə̑lmalalneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kə̑lmalal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kə̑lmalalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kə̑lmalal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kə̑lmalalneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kə̑lmalal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kə̑lmalalnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kə̑lmalal ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kə̑lmalalnet ulmaš | ə̑net kə̑lmalal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kə̑lmalalneže ulmaš | ə̑než kə̑lmalal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kə̑lmalalneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kə̑lmalal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kə̑lmalalnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kə̑lmalal ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kə̑lmalalaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kə̑lmalalman |
| Active participle: | kə̑lmalalše |
| Passive participle: | kə̑lmalalme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kə̑lmalalšaš |
| Negative participle: | kə̑lmalaldə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kə̑lmalalə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kə̑lmalalde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kə̑lmalalmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kə̑lmalalmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kə̑lmalalšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kə̑lmalalmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kə̑lmalaldə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||